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目的 探究三聚氰胺和甲醛联合染毒对雄性大鼠的生殖毒性。方法 将4周龄SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分为溶剂对照组、低剂量组(三聚氰胺600 mg/kg·d+甲醛125 mg/kg·d)和高剂量组(三聚氰胺1 200 mg/kg·d+甲醛125 mg/kg·d),每组各12只。染毒4、7周后，每组随机选取6只大鼠进行解剖。检测睾丸和附睾脏器系数、精子参数及血清睾酮水平，并进行睾丸、附睾组织病理学检查。结果 染毒4周后，高剂量组睾丸重量及脏器系数均下降，附睾及脏器系数则升高；病理检查显示，高剂量组睾丸出现曲细精管变性、萎缩伴多核巨细胞形成，附睾管内可见大量变性脱落的生精细胞。染毒7周后，低和高剂量组睾丸重量及脏器系数均降低，高剂量组附睾重量亦下降；染毒组睾丸均观察到弥漫性曲细精管变性、萎缩伴多核巨细胞形成，附睾管内可见大量变性脱落的生精细胞；染毒组精子数量减少(F=11.375,P<0.01;F=7.423,P<0.01)、精子畸形率升高(F=3.880,P<0.01;F=6.907,P<0.01);高剂量组血清睾酮水平降低。结论 本研究结果表明，三聚氰胺和甲醛联合染毒对雄性SD大鼠生殖系统具有毒性作用。
Abstract：Objective To investigate the reproductive toxicity of combined exposure to melamine and formaldehyde in male rats. Methods Four-week-old male SD rats(SPF grade) were randomly assigned into three groups(n=12 per group): the solvent control group, the low-dose group(melamine 600 mg/kg·d + formaldehyde 125 mg/kg·d), and the high-dose group(melamine 1 200 mg/kg·d + formaldehyde 125 mg/kg·d). After 4 or 7 weeks of exposure, 6 rats of each group were euthanized. Testicular/epididymal organ coefficients, sperm parameters, serum testosterone, and histopathology of testes/epididymides were examined. Results After 4 weeks of exposure, the testicular weight and organ coefficient in the high-dose group were significantly decreased, while the epididymal weight and organ coefficient were significantly increased. Histopathological examination revealed seminiferous tubule degeneration and atrophy, accompanied by the formation of multinucleated giant cells in the testes. Numerous degenerated and exfoliated spermatogenic cells were observed within the epididymal lumen. After 7 weeks of exposure, both the low-and high-dose groups showed significant reductions in testicular weight and organ coefficient, and the epididymal weight in the high-dose group was also significantly decreased. Diffuse seminiferous tubule degeneration, atrophy with multinucleated giant cell formation were observed in the testes of all exposed groups, and a large number of degenerated and shed spermatogenic cells were found in the epididymal ducts. Additionally, the exposed groups showed a significant reduction in sperm count(F=11.375, P<0.01; F=7.423, P<0.01), and an increase in sperm malformation rate(F=3.880, P<0.01; F=6.907, P<0.01), with statistically significant differences. The serum testosterone level was significantly lowered in the high-dose group. Conclusion Result of this study indicate that combined exposure to melamine and formaldehyde exerts toxic effects on the reproductive system of male SD rats.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16421/j.cnki.1002-3127.2025.06.009
中图分类号:R994
引用信息:
[1]郭燕华,李培宁,黄晓辉,等.三聚氰胺和甲醛联合染毒对雄性大鼠生殖毒性的研究[J].毒理学杂志,2025,39(06):412-418+425.DOI:10.16421/j.cnki.1002-3127.2025.06.009.
基金信息:
广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2022A1515012159); 广州市科技计划项目(2023B04J0407); 广州市院士专家工作站(2024-D012)